Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl, Depicts The Story

Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, depicts the story of Harriet Jacobs and her journey through a horrific life of slavery. She chooses to tell her story through the eyes of a character named Linda Brent. Harriet tells her life story nearly from start to finish, opening with the depiction of her life as a very young girl born into slavery. Continuing into her young adult years, and ultimately ending with hope for a future free from slavery in her later years. The experiences Linda faces are unimaginable and heartbreaking. As the readers, we not only get to see the culture of the time period that came with Linda s life, but we also witness what Linda learns about herself though this story. These realizations provide reflection on the†¦show more content†¦This could not be said for Dr. Flint. Flint treated Linda as an object. A tool to be used for whatever he wanted. He was abusive, cruel, and inhumane. Soon after her mother Linda s father unexpectedly passes away. Under F lint s control Linda is given no time to grieve and unalloyed to see him one last time. I thought I should be allowed to go to my father s house the next morning; but I was ordered to go for flowers, that my mistress s house might be decorated for an evening party. I spent the day gathering flowers and weaving them into festoons, while the dead body of my father was lying within a mile of me. What cared my owners for that? He was merely a piece of property (Jacobs, 41). Not even death affected Flints resolve. He still viewed his slaves as objects. As if these actions were not testament enough to Flints resolve, as time went on Flint s abuse became more manipulative. He would toy with his slaves and drive them to breaking points and beyond. He was a crafty man, and resorted to many means to accomplish his purposes. Sometimes he had story, terrific ways, that made his victims tremble; sometimes he assumed gentleness that he though must surely subdue... He tried his utmost to corrupt my young mind with unclean images, such as only a vile monster could think of (Jacobs, 90). On top of his mind games Flint began making unrelenting sexual advances toward Linda. Treating her like a piece of meat onlyShow MoreRelatedJacobs Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The American Slave1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe slave narratives of the ante-bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes. Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives, fugitives and ex-slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times, men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. The slave narrative of Frederick Douglas and Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl themes come from the existenceRead MoreHarriet Jacob : An African American Slave And Feminist1071 Words   |  5 PagesHarriet Jacob: An African American Slave and Feminist â€Å"Reader, be assured this narrative is no fiction† (Author). Harriet Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, is her narrative as a slave who lived in a slave state for twenty-seven years before escaping to live as a free woman in New York (Jacobs preface). Jacobs’ was motivated to write her story by a deep desire to share her experience in an effort to bring to light what slavery really was, a â€Å"deep, and dark, and foul experience thatRead More Power of Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl643 Words   |  3 PagesThe Power of Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Harriet Jacobs, in the preface to her book, wrote: I do earnestly desire to arouse the women of the North to a realizing sense of the condition of two millions of women at the South, still in bondage, suffering what I suffered, and most of them far worse.   I want to add my testimony to that of abler pens to convince the people of the Free States what Slavery really is (335). With this statement, Jacobs specified her purposeRead MoreA Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe book, Incidents in the Life of A Slave Girl starts off by introducing the us to a slave girl who is known as Linda who represents Harriet Jacobs. The books narrates the life Harriet who was born into slavery in 1813 near Edenton, North Carolina. The time period where racial slurs had been widely and slavery was very popular. She had not know she was a slave girl until the solid age of six years after her childhood had been demolished. The main idea for publishing this book was to show the hardshipRead MoreBeing Raised As Slaves By Harriet Jacobs And Frederick Douglass953 Words   |  4 PagesBeing raised as slaves; both Harriet Jacobs and Frederick Douglass devoted their professional life for telling their true story based on their own experience. As a matter of fact, their works â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl† (1861) and â€Å"Narrat ive of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave† (1845) are considered the most important works in the genre of slave narrative or of enslavement. Thus, this paper will compare and contrast between Jacobs and Douglass in terms of the aforementionedRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1292 Words   |  6 Pagesinstitution of slavery. I chose to focus on two texts: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. In the personal narrative Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, author Harriet Jacobs depicts the various struggles she endured in the course of her life as a young female slave and, as she grew older, a runaway escaped to the â€Å"free† land of the North, referring to herself as Linda Brent. Throughout this story, Jacobs places a heavy emphasis on the ways in whichRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacob993 Words   |  4 PagesHarriet Jacob’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, depicts a personal and true account of how woman were sexually and physically abused rather than just physically abuses as that of an enslaved man. Enslaved woman struggled tremendously to not only be considered equal to man though to be seen equal pure and virtuous identical to the white women. Jacob’s female slave narrative was a special kind of autobiography, were she not only used another person to represent her, however, she wanted the readerRead MoreIncidents In Th e Life A Slave Girl Summary1630 Words   |  7 Pagescorruption of slavery.† In the book, Incidents in the Life a Slave Girl, Harriet Jacobs recount her time as a slave before escaping the cruelties of slavery to freedom. This quote from the book outlines the intelligence Harriet Jacobs has about the torment in slavery. In the beginning of the book the preface and the editor’s introduction to the book outline Harriet Jacobs story. Both the preface and the author’s introduction give a realistic to Harriet’s story before reading the text. When HarrietRead MoreIncidents Of Life Of A Slave Girl771 Words   |  4 PagesIncidents in life of a slave girl. Autobiographical narrative that has been written by african-american female from North Carolina by the name Harriet A Jacob, who depicts horrors of normal life of a slave, beginning her story with description of her childhood memories of her family and people who were their owners. Harriet adopts a pseudonym of Linda Brent, and assigns different from reality names to anyone important in her narrative, in order to be able to share the story of her life and probablyRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl By Robert Jacobs2254 Words   |  10 PagesInstitution of Slavery Corrupted Society Jacobs portrays slavery in her narrative as an institution that is corrupting society. Throughout Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Jacobs explains how the injustice of slavery between whites and blacks corrupted not only black society but white society as well. Jacobs illustrates how religion practised by white slave owners in the south was often corrupt and did little to alter the effects of slavery on white society. Jacobs also illustrates how slavery

Essay on Segregation Now in the USA - 1015 Words

Forty-seven years ago the Civil Rights Act was passed to end racial discrimination in America. And later on the 24th Amendment to poll taxes, then the Voting Rights Act to allow every man to vote and not be discriminated against. Black Power, the Nation of Islam, and the Southern Christian Leadership conference were just some of the groups that tried to end segregation and promote the African American race. Although these groups did help end it, it still exists in today’s world and many studies have been done to prove it in the past couple of years. Many people across the world still judge based on color, a recent study showed that when a European American is conversing with an African American they will typically cross their arms or†¦show more content†¦There are historical colleges out there that are predominantly African American, they do this because before there wasn’t colleges available to them in the 1900‘s. President Barack Obama performed a speec h in 2008 while running for president , the speech addressed his race and the recent remarks made about him being African American. President Obama stated that race was an issue during the campaign and they have either said that he was too black, or not black enough to be president. So why did it take so long to get someone of another race into office, African Americans are just as smart as European Americans and they have just as much capability, President Barack Obama won the Nobel Peace Prize. This could also be linked to the long history of racial discrimination that still lingers in America today. The Implicit Association Test was established by Anthony Grenwald, Mahzarin Banaji, and Brian Nosek. This test assesses your attitude or views towards a certain subject, it is your automatic response on an unconscious level. The Test results you recieve may be the complete opposite of your conscious beliefs and views. You have two levels of thinking your conscious and unconscious leve l, in your conscious level you have your beliefs and values that control our behavior deliberately, then your unconscious level which is our immediate automatic response to something. TheShow MoreRelatedPatterns of Social and Ethnic Residential Segregation Among Social Groups Ethnic Minorities1001 Words   |  5 PagesPATTERNS OF SOCIAL AND ETHNIC RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION AMONG SOCIAL GROUPS ETHNIC MINORITIES Residential segregation can be explained as special appearance of social inequality, unequal distribution of social, ethnic, etc. groups. The spatial objective reflection of the complicated system of social relation can interpret the socio-economic structure of the city, and the allocation of different social groups. Appears in space in segregation curve where higher and lower social classes are much differentRead MoreMusic And Its Impact On The Usa849 Words   |  4 Pages In the USA there are many different styles of music just like all around the world but music can be an outlet for different races in different ways. I believe that the type of music people in the USA listen to is controlled by the big record labels to keep certain races down and to help keep other races in charge. Music, like many artist have stated is freedom and self expression, it can have a large effect on how you feel or can completely change your perspective on life situations after listeningRead MoreEssay on The Segregation of School in America1209 Words   |  5 PagesThe Segregation of School in America In history there are two major turning points in the fight for equal rights. The first was â€Å"Homer Plessey vs. The rail road company† of 1986. Homer Plessey was asked to sit in a black only carriage and refused; he was kicked off the train. He decided to take his case to the supreme court and they ruled in favour of segregation, saying â€Å"separate but equal†. Segregation had been occurring for many years already in the form of â€Å"The JimRead MoreWhat Is An American?1384 Words   |  6 Pagesthan 300 million people, and  ¾ of the population are immigrants. Immigrants are people who were born in different countries who migrate to new ones.  ¼ of the American population was born here. I am part  ¼ population. The United States has many names (USA, America, United States, The United States of America), however, one of the names that it s mostly referred to by other countries is, Melting Pot. A melting Pot isn t really a name, however it s a reference. Basically the melting pot refers to AmericaRead MoreDiverse Student Body from Brown vs. the Board of Education Essay950 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksand of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time. I have a dream.† – Martin Luther King Jr. It is because of the Brown vs. The Board of Education court case that allows the University of Texas at Austin, along with hundreds of universities, to be have a diverse student body. This case opened new doors to racial opportunities. What started off as a plea for equality, would change the world in its own way. Brown, who is notRead MoreThe Emergence Of The Urban Ghettos1347 Words   |  6 Pagesthe manifestation of the urban ghettos began to develop. In the early 1900’s we begin to see public housing programs, public improvement projects, redevelopment projects, urban renewal policies, and other factors being utilized to attain racial segregation within communities. 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In â€Å"saved† by Malcom X, Malcom depicts his view on racism in the 60’s as his hatred for white people grow s as he learns more about African American History and the horrors that white people have done throughout history. Contemporary America is a better place to live than it was in the 1960’s. The USA has improved a lot since the civil rights movement. In todays societyRead MoreI Have a Dream Analysis985 Words   |  4 PagesLittle did he know that the whole world would be his audience†¦ Good! In this first line we see him start off with using logos. He refers to the USA as â€Å"our† nation. We see this throughout the entire speech. It gives the audience the feeling that they are already equal and that they are on the same level. In a sense, he is correct. He belongs to the USA as the white people do, but their actions contradicted this. He is immediately making his audience think that he sees the white as equal to the NegroesRead MoreRacial Discrimination Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesbryccchancarey.com, slavery existed in Europe all the way back before 1400 A.D. However, slavery of African Americans in Northern America started in 1619, when a ship of 20 Africans came to the town of Jamestown, Virginia; as stated in an article by USA today. Following this date, the United States of America won the revolutionary war, winning independence from Britain, but the slaves remained. It was not until the beginning of the Civil War in 1861 that things began to look as if they were improving

Unit criteria Free Essays

string(86) " sure that tom is happy about what is happening and also to include tom on decisions\." Pl Criteria- using the case studies provided write an explanation of how you would use principles and values when planning your clients care Introduction For the first part of this assignment I will be using principles of planning wealth care in health and social care with each client differently to benefit each clients care needs. Principles are guided lines to show how to carry out the best way of care for different service users and also to inform or guide staff members on the correct way to behave when carrying out care. Case study 1- Tom is an elderly man who has been diagnosed with dementia. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit criteria or any similar topic only for you Order Now Tom is a sociable man who used to enjoy his career as an art teacher and has sold some of his paintings, he also enjoys being in the garden of the Independent living unit. Whenever possible he Likes to look after the plants In the containers on the patio and the Indoor plants positioned around the home. Tom shares the Independent living unit with two other people. There are full time careers that support the service users with their activities of daily living. Tom lacks the capacity to make informed decisions regarding his health and wellbeing. In collaboration with tom and his next of kin Staffs are able to devise a care plan that promotes his holistic wellbeing. The first principle I will be using is empowerment. In doing this it means that I will be giving each individual the correct amount of information to enable them to make informed decisions and also to make choices about their care needs and their life. The way that I would use empowerment with tom would be giving him enough independence so that he would be able to make his own decisions , I would also be allowing tom to take responsibility for how he would Like to carry out his day such as at he wants to wear and also If he wants to make himself a drink or If he would want to help make the food then allow him to help out in doing this it ill help to build toms independence and also it will gradually help tom feel more respected and he will feel as if everyone around him has respect him. As a staff member the main priority would be to help make sure that tom is happy about what is happening and also to include tom on decisions. You read "Unit criteria" in category "Papers" One way that would make sure tom was included would be when making toms care plan and the staff could include him by asking him if what as in the plan was okay for hi or if he wanted anything changing within it to make sure that he felt as if he was involved or if he had a say In It. I would also support tom’s preferences and would recognize his preferences In doing this It would mean that I would be asking tom what he would want to happen and In doing this It would give him some Independence. Showing tom that I am supporting his preference would be me allowing tom to continue to look after the plants indoors everyone else who was in the unit with him. In meeting tom’s physical, intellectual, social and emotional needs means that when leaning his care plan we will need to talk into account his physical needs such as if He needs to exercise. Intellectually we would need to figure out how to build up his memory even though tom suffers with dementia this is no excuse to leave this set of needs out. Socially we could invite other members of the unit to Join in with the permission of tom with helping him in the gardening. Looking at the emotional needs for tom a lot of people with dementia have trouble expressing their feelings which normally results in frustration in this situation you would need to take into account hat tom is an individual and depending on how you react to this will be personal to him. Due to his dementia arranging social outings may be difficult as he could forget where he is and what was planned in doing this he may get frustrated and could lash out. But instead we could encourage tom to take part in activities in small groups with other service users in the unit this will also help with toms intellectual needs as well in doing this it would also help hi to socialism with the other members in the unit, it will help tom to become friends with the service users and ill also build trust tit them. Emotionally e could ask toms family to visit 2-3 ties a week in doing this it will help tom to see the progress within his family and it will also build his social needs to as he will be interacting with different groups of people and conversation will also change. Staff members could ask tom how he is feeling and how he feels about his activities this would give tom someone to talk to if he was having a bad day and it would help him to trust others with tom telling the staff how he is feeling it may also give them an incite to how he would like to be treat and also how they could make his ATA more enjoyable . N inviting his family around it will give him something to look forward to even if tom wasn’t in the best of moods during the week reminding him that his family are coming to visit him Taking his physical needs into account we would need to make sure that tom would be taking his medication at the right times and making sure that he actually takes them due to his dementia he may forget that he needs to take any sort of medication, to make sure that tom is taking all of his necessary medication I would suggest that a member of staff supervises him. Working in partnership would mean that staff would be working towards contribution off the support that tom would need. Working with his family, gap’s and the current careers working within the independent living unit the staff would also be working with tom, in doing this it would mean that we would sit down with tom and his family as well as other health care professionals and making a care plan for him that would care plan that has been made for him is important as his family would need to check if what was in the care plan was best for him and would be the best way to carry out is care needs it is important that tom is included in making decisions for his care plan as he may have suggestion and including him would make him feel valued and respected. Carrying out holistic care means looking at the whole care of the individual and focusing mainly on them in doing this it means that the staff would be focusing mainly on tom in doing this it would mean that tom would feel more valued because the staff members would have more time to carry out his care and it would also mean that his care needs would be carried out fully, they would be focusing on his dedication needs, and they would be focusing on dietary and exercise needs Just because tom has dementia does not mean that he shouldn’t exercise if tom did not exercise it may mean that he would become unhealthy and his health would also deteriorate. They should also take into account his past and current hobbies in doing this it would show that the staff where paying attention to him. Case study 2 Sue is a 43 year old woman who has had a stroke. She lives in oak ridge care home. She has lost the use of her right arm and leg she has difficulty speaking clearly. Fortunately sue is left handed. Sue is an intelligent woman who until she had her stroke ran her own business and had 23 employed people. Sue likes to listen to music and socialism with other residents in the home. She especially enjoys craft sessions as she used to complete cross stitch embroidery as a hobby Sue is also taking part in physiotherapy to help strengthen her right arm and has learnt to use a walking stick for support, she also has speech therapy. Since sue has had her stroke I believe that her physical needs have lowered but are still quite high due to her stroke. I would then promote sues needs rights and choices by giving sue anything that she had requested such as something specific within her care plan. I would also need to respect sues opinion in doing this it would build trust and also start to build a good relationship, it would also help sue to feel respected and it may also build her confidence as well. Also respecting sues privacy when she wants it is important as she may feel disrespected if a staff member didn’t allow her any privacy. Allowing sue to chose activities which she wants to take part in would build her independence another way that would show staff would be respecting her references is by allowing her to choose what she would want to wear or if she would want to go out somewhere asking her where she should want to go . My next principle is confidentiality, maintaining confidentiality wit sue is important to make sure that sue trusts you if sue did not trust the staff then it may make it difficult to carry out her care needs. By maintaining sues confidentiality it would mean that if sue had confided in you and said that she does not feel happy or if it was something that may cause concern or could cause harm to sue then this is the only time that his could break the trust between sue and the career. If sue had told you something that may concern you FRR her safety then you would need to alert a higher member of staff and her family to make sure that she is kept safe and out of danger . When planning sues heath care plan her family should also be involved as well as other health care professionals such as physiotherapists, speech therapists it is important to involve other health care professionals with sues case study because there are many ways that would help so return to how she was before she had her trope, in her care plan there would need to be some sort of routine that would regularly have physiotherapy and speech therapy in it having regular sessions would make sues development of speech a lot quicker and also regular physiotherapy sessions will help her to develop the feeling back in bother her arm and leg in doing this it will boost her confidence and self esteem. To support sues values and cultures the staff should let her do things that she enjoys even if the staff members do not agree. Listening to sues lifestyle and how she looks at things is important to know exactly how to treat her, allowing sue to socialism with there residents and take part in her hobbies will show sue that you respect her and also will also build up trust and it ill give the staff members a wider range of knowledge about sues views and how she lives her life. If sue was quite a religious person and prayed quite a lot then a staff member could assign certain times through the day or even night where she could have some alone time and some privacy to carry out her prayers and anything else that she needed to do, if the staff did not allow sue to carry out her religious practices then they would be discriminating against her and this would be unprofessional Supporting sues preferences is also important as it is what she wants. Respecting sues preferences would mean allowing her to listen to the music which she wanted at a reasonable time and also volume, to help with this you could by sue a music player that was for sues use only this would help sue to feel respected, valued and also independent. Sue also likes socializing so she could ask a few of the other service users in the home that she is friendly with to sit and have dinner with her in a small group , some of the other service users have similar health issues so with sue Ewing friends with them means that she has someone that she could relate to. With sues hobbies are most loved hobby is cross stitch embroidery , if sue wanted to she could set up a little group activity for herself and some of the other service users , the only issue with this is that it may need two hands to take part in this hobby if sue sees that other service users are capable of doing the activity but she is not so capable then she may get upset and frustrated resulting in her being also gives her more of the independence and if she sees sue struggling she could hen ask sue if she would like any help and if she says yes then continue to help but if she says no then respect her wishes and allow her to continue by herself. The type of care that sue is receiving is holistic care , holistic care means that the staff look at the whole care for sue such as exercise dietary needs etc having holistic care means that the staff will be able to focus mainly on sue and will take more time to plan her care plan making sure that sue is involved to make her feel valued they could suggest some care ways which they think would be best for her and sue could ay if she agrees and also have some input on what she wants. Ml- review benefits to the individuals and professional staff or taking a holistic approach to planning support. Health and social care is about making the best decisions to improve the service user’s care. Within this I will be writing a review on how multi agency working within health and social care and also the holistic care approach benefits certain service user’s care needs I think that the benefit of a individual choosing the holistic care approach is that it is more focused on them and no one else, their care needs are concentrated on more of hat they need and also want.. With tom and sue both living in independent living or being there it helps them to socialism with other residents that live there with them. With other service users living in the same buildings as them it will also help them to build a relationship with the other residents and this will then help them to feel as if they aren’t alone and it will also give them a higher self esteem and confidence. In sues case with her speech being limited with holistic care she would be getting regular speech therapy and this would be in with her care plan if she sits down with member of staff and organisms a meeting here they can discuss or write down what sue may want then if speech therapy was to become part of the routine care plan then the speech lessons would be a lot more regular and the more times that these sessions occur the quicker that sues speech and communication skills will improve by doing this it will help build sues confidence to communicate with others without feeling embarrassed about her speech skills. With the careers taking the holistic care approach getting an advocate for each service user, if say a service user was UN happy with the care that they were receiving or ere Just feeling bait down or even they felt as if they aren’t being understood by the career then they would be able to talk to the advocate and then the advocate would take each problem into consideration and would try and solve it straight away, service users means that they have someone to talk to if they ever feel alone in doing this and having an advocate in place it will make them more confident and also in social situations. With careers following the holistic approach for each service user they are taking into consideration the physical, intellectual, social, emotional and also language needs of he individual, each health and social care professional taking each specific need into account this enables them to carry out the best care for the individual service user each need will be different for all service users as each service user has diverse care needs. When the holistic care approach looks at physical needs it looks at thing such as medication how much of a certain medication an individual needs to take per day and also sometimes whether or not they could ease the service user off of the medication to possibly improve their health , they would also look at dietary and exercise needs to , when looking at the dietary needs they would take into consideration whether they are vegetarian or if their religion only eat specific foods at certain times. Coming to the exercise needs wouldn’t always be looking at if they need to lose any weight but it would also be looking at whether or not their fitness is at a good point and if not then an exercise plan would be made to help improve their fitness Just by doing small little exercises during the day. Intellectually the service users would also improve , taking part in activities such as eating and also taking part in puzzles and crosswords, this will intellectually stimulate them and will be training their mind and will give them many intellectual skills such as problem solving , they will also start to take into account when they need to take their medication as well as how much they need to take and what they need to take. The holistic approach also shows progress and capability of the service user , if each individual was to follow the holistic approach to care then it will make them feel more confident, valued and also loved they may also feel happier about their self if they e improvement with their self. With the holistic care approach it helps the individual feel more free and valued , to be able to do hat they would like to instead of being told what to do they are also able to do it when they want and not feel as if they are being controlled this will give each service user freedom. Each career using the holistic approach will feel as if they can allow the service user approach it means that all legislations and procedures are in place to help the careers make sure that careers can carry out their Job as best they can, it will also mean that hey will build trust with service users that they are supporting and also looking after. They ill have a sense of pride knowing that they have helped the service user. When the holistic approach works with multi- agencies this will improve the level at which the individuals care and health improves helping service users using various care professionals can help physically as well as emotionally and socially. It will help each individual emotionally would be to talk to an advocate if they were having any problems or maybe a gap. Physically their fitness improves and in this happening it ill make them more confident. Socially with the physical and emotional needs tied in within the social part it will give them confident and will raise their self esteem so that when they are in small social groups they will have the confident to speak without feeling embarrassed. ODL- analyses reasons for working with professionals from more than one agency when planning support for individuals . Multi disciplinary team- a team of professionals drawn from a range of disciplines or services, e. G health care, education and social services, all working together towards a common goal† (stretch and Whitehorse 2010) When working within health and social care there are plenty of care professions That can help the individuals care needs to improve such as GAPS, social workers, nurses, doctors etc. Professionals working in health and social care involve other members form different organizations so that they can give the service user the best care that the service user’s needs. It will benefit the service user as it will build strong relationships with their care provider. If a service user has any problems that they are concerned about then they would be able to talk to them about it I believe that if this was to happen and they only had a nurse to talk to then they may not open up as much as they would if it was someone else such as an advocate or a counselor. This would pick up on issues much quicker to solve the problem at hand. An example could be if you had worked with a certain service user for a number of months and they were always cheery and smiling but one day when you went to carry out their care needs and noticed that they weren’t their self and also that they were UN happy then this would cause you to have concerns about the individual. As a staff member seeing this then I would suggest that staff member asks the service user what is the tater if it is something that is serious I would then need to inform other members unit. In doing this it would then build a greater trust with them, but if the situation was serious the staff member would need to tell the service user that she may need to break confidentiality as it could potentially cause harm to her and others around her , in doing this it may break a little of the trust but in turn it would also help to protect them from harm and in the long run it would mean that the relationship would be better. Another reason that multi professionals work together with an individual because it ivies the individual more support than what it would if they had one care worker working with the individual. It will benefit the service user because all health care professionals working with one individual will be able to focus more on that individual and will be able to use more resources to help with the service users care needs within their care plan. It will also help each individual to overcome each health issue that they have. Having more than one health and social care professional working with an individual will help speed up their care and health needs it will help them to get back to normal ay to day life and will also help boost confidence and self-esteem having other service users encouraging them will make them want to help their self. The last reason that I think working with multi agency practices is beneficial for an individual is because each professional will be working to help develop each of the service users different needs which need to be developed. When each professional doing this will help speed up the quickness of improving the individual’s health. If the individual only had one health worker providing their specific care needs it may aka a longer period of time for the individual to become well again, if the service user feels as if they are getting no further along in their progress they may want to give up and may become depressed in turn meaning that their health would not improve. But working with numerous health professionals would mean that progress would develop quicker making the individual a lot happier and confident. Staffs from multi agency groups have different skills which they could put in place to help with the care needs of the individual. This would be both beneficial to the staff and also the service user. It would be beneficial to the staff as it would give them a wider knowledge of different care techniques meaning that they would be able to put into practice when caring for an individual, for the service user the health and other specific needs would be fulfilled and it would mean that it would get them back on track to becoming healthy again and confident when socially interacting with other individuals. It would also mean that some of the health professionals would have more experience meaning that the techniques that they had learned and have shared would be more likely to work. How to cite Unit criteria, Papers

Doubt of Shakespeares Authorship of His Plays Essay Example For Students

Doubt of Shakespeares Authorship of His Plays Essay Doubt of Shakespeares Authorship of His PlaysOver the years, various persons have expressed doubt as to theauthorship of William Shakespeare. These doubts are as old as his plays. American author, Henry James once said, I am haunted by the conviction that thedivine William is the biggest and the most successful fraud ever practiced on apatient world. (Hoffman 27) On the other hand, author Calvin Hoffman wasconvinced that Shakespeare was the author of the most magnificent Englishdramatic prose and poetry ever written. (Hoffman 27) But, he reiterated thisbelief nineteen years later, stating, They are magnificent! Only, WilliamShakespeare of Stratford-on- Avon never wrote the plays and poems. (Hoffman 27)Crime, guilt, fraud, exile, hate, deceit, and murder are all woven intothis shroud of authorship that hides the identity of the worlds most renownedwriter. Cranks have proposed over fifty candidates for authorship, from QueenElizabeth to the Jesiuts. Although many doubt that William Shakespeare ever wrote the worksattributed to him, some still resort to pro-Shakespearean arguments. JohnDrinkwater, author and believer, felt that the flowers, banks, brooks, pastures,and woodlands of Shakespeares boyhood home, Stratford, were all transfigured inhis plays by his wonderful verse, but yet they still remained the scenes towhich he was bred. Drinkwater believed too, that not only in Shakespeareshumble folk, shepherds, gardeners, and serving men, but also in his princes andkings, he reflected the humanity with which he was familiar in Stratford. Theknowledge and wisdom he acquired directly from his own enviroment was quite trueto life. Drinkwater also said that mere book- knowledge in Shakespeares workswas usually incorrect because he used knowledge outside the range of his ownexperiences, with a grand audacity.It is true that William Shakespeare attended grammar school in Stratford,and tha he acquired some competence in Latin and gained a limited knowledge ofEnglish history. There was a period of time in his life referred to as hisdark years, and this period of time may have been subjected to influencesmaking for high culture. Records say too, that Shakespeare left Stratford in 1585 and went on thestage in 1590. During this time he could have attended Cambridge or worked in alawyers office, apparently remaining about one year with the court. This leftone year in which he might have traveled to France and Italy, which wouldaccount for certain knowledge revealed in his works. Perhaps Shakespearesplays are too scholarly to have been written by a man without a degree, but that,some believe can be explained by the fact that the plays looked learned topeople of later generations who did not use classical allusion as a part oftheir common speech. Others believe that the depth of learning in the playsseems impossible for a man of Shakespeares position, but when the overwhelmingpower of the plays is considered, the learning in them seems trivial. Little isknown of Shakespeare today. But, this lack of information about Shakespeareslife can be attributed to the fact that his era was not one of biography, casualletter writing , or journalism. What was said about Shakespeare was unwritten. Stratfordians, or those who believe that Shakespeare did indeed writethe works attributed to him, began with a preconceived idea that he wrote theplays, and then they tried to make facts and circumstances fit their case, somesay . To account for innumeralbe instances where Shakespeare exhibited suchwide knowledge, Stratfordians say that Shakespeare pumped anyone he could forinformation. However, others feel that pumping friends for local color couldhelp with broad knowledge, but really could not enable him to convey theatmosphere of a country or to add small, rather insignificant details whichcould only come from the pen of a writer who had actually experienced them. Many feel that since Shakespeares greatness was not widely proclaimedand because none of his original manuscripts survived, is evidence that thelatter was destroyed to conceal the authors identity. And too, once a play wasprinted, the manuscript possessed no value, so the paper, which was costly andneeded for practical purposes was used, leaving no single manuscript inShakespeares handwriting. Anti-Shakespeare arguments begin with the point that no public orprivate mention of Shakespeare as a man, poet, or dramatist was made at hisdeath. In Elizabethean convention too, the elegiac poem was a true work ofrespect, yet there was none found for William Shakespeare. How could he then bethe foremost figure in English literature? From all indications found, during1585 to 1593, Shakespeares most creative years, he was never referred to byanyone, personally or professionally. From birth to death, no evidence, outsideof his name appearing in the title pages of the nine First Quartos, has beenfound to attest that Shakespeare was a writer or poet. Many details in hisplays could have been acquired only by personal experiences, yet no Shakespearewas mentioned in the cast of any play during his lifetime. It is purespeculation that some say that he was an actor. Hurricane EssayEdward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, another candidate for authorship,was born April 23, 1550, Shakespeares birthday. He was attached to letters andthe theater. He also had an intimate relationship with Queen Elizabeth. Edwardde Vere studied law, knew the people of court, war, and Italy. He hadappropriate knowledge to write the plays.He may have used the pseudonymShakespeare because in tournaments he carried a long spear, or because his coatof arms was a lion shaking a spear. He may also have been ashamed of writing,being the Earl of Oxford, and therefore assumed a pseudonym as protectionagainst losing status. Edward de Vere was a royal ward where he had theopportunity to observe and participate in court life, while Shakespeare was inlittle Stratford, isolated from an intellectual society, at the time he wassupposed to be writing. Edward de Vere traveled widely in Europe, too. And, Shakespeares playsmust have been written by a much-traveled man. If Shakespeare ever traveledoutside of England, or even within England, further then London, nothing is knowof it. There is further support for Edward de Vere. Writers often put theirthoughts, friendships, love affairs and other personal experiences into theirworks. Matching episodes from de Veres life with the plays, revealed hismother to be similar to Hamlets mother, a father-in law like Polonius, a fairlady- the Queen, a dark lady-his mistress, Ann Vavasor, and a boy, de Veresbastard son. Some even believe de Vere paid Shakespeare hush money to use his name. In conclusion, of the deVere theory, is the point that de Veres death coincidedwith Shakespeares retirement to Stratford. The mouthpiece was withdrawn whenthe voice was gone. Again Professor Massai believes that the evidence for deVere is highly creative, but he would be the best choice. But still, he says ,that if there was a cover-up going on, many people would know the truth, andthey certainly all would not have kept the secret going to their graves. A third contender for the writer of Shakespeares works is Francis Bacon. Those who support him are Baconians. Bacon was chosen because of hisintellectual ability. Also, parallels exist in both Bacons and Shakespearesworks, suggesting their identities are one. Bacon too, invented a cipher andsome believe it was to conceal himself. A Sir Toby Matthew once wrote to Baconand said, The most prodigious wit that ever I knew is of Your Lordshipsname, though he be known by another. (Encyclopedia Britannica) People who sayBacon did not write Shakespeares works assert that he was not a great poet, sohe could not have been a great dramatist. They say he was a cold man, stately,and grave. Whoever wrote Shakespeares works was sparkling and extravagant.Bacons works did not sympathize with suffering, while Shakespeares did. Baconand Shakespeare viewed the world differently. Finally, some disbelievers support another candidate, William Stanley,the 6th Earl of Derby, who was interested in drama, and became a patron of acompany of actors. Several poems showed signs of early and immature Shakespeare,but he was a boy at that time. One was signed in Derbys handwriting, and threesigned William Shakespeare. His motive- like de Vereswould have been to avoidassociation of his family name with the lower social order of the stage. Was Shakespeare hinting at his name through word play? His verses, suchas every word doth almost tell my name seem to be an attempt to revealhis name. Another line says, Whats in a name? Sonnet III says, Hence comesit that my name receives a brand, and my name be buried where my body is.In conclusion, curiosity has indeed been aroused for many , many years. Hundreds of theories and shreds of proof have been gathered, but the world willalways wonder and waver between doubt and belief in William Shakespeare. So,the question still remains, Was Shakespeare really Shakespeare?

Song Lyrics free essay sample

Too Short (feat. Ice Cube) (1996) and Pitch Ass Inning by Dry. Drew (feat. Snoop Dog, Whitman Six-Two) (2001 explains how women are gendered as sexualities objects that are disposed after use, and racialists the Importance of mens hegemonic masculinity. In this paper I will compare and contrast how women are described as sexual, disposable trash, and men as cowards from the word pitch. The concept of Pitch is how a person (not necessarily a woman) is thoroughly disliked.In the first song by Too Short the first erase, She wont complain about sit because, shes my hoe which he refers to women will not complain. Women will do whatever Too Short tells her. Women belong to him because he owns them. The song makes people think that all women are sluts that sleep around. The rappers have perceived biological differences because women are viewed to be sexual disposable objects. We will write a custom essay sample on Song Lyrics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Rappers believe and norms require women to cook, clean, and serve men no matter what mistakes men makes or abuse that women are going through. Rap music has depicted women as sex objects. The music industries are advertising women as sex appeal symbols. Women are put on display Like pieces of commodities or merchandise. The only variance is that the sexually-oriented depictions of women in advertising and media have contemptibly become more open now than before. It Is a notorious fact that sex sells. The more nudity or sexual reference depicted, the greater the sales generated in an exploitative and profit- driven music industry.The second verse duet by Ice Cube, See, he quick to grab a pitch by the throat and slam her ass, cram her ass, with a fat dick Cause shes a trick pitch. A trick pitch is a female in general. These are the types of behavior men desire. Women, who are sleeping around that men considered trash is normal to her. However, men are showing off their masculinity and manhood to keep their status among their friends by putting women down. Rap music is reaching more people than any other genre therefore the messages and images embedded within rap music are reaching more people than ever before.With such a large audience women think this type of behavior is normal to them. The domestic violence industry ignores women that are beaten by their partners. The media gets points and praise from people of mainstream hip-hop norms. Often, the appeal of commentary on hip- pop comes from rapper showing off their masculinity. Rap music stereotypes young women dressed like prostitutes in the rap videos showing off their ass, breasts, to Impress, which appeals the man. In contrast, men who beat and physically abuse women, you are called a pitch.If men are brave enough to express themselves In a rational and masculine way, you are called a pitch for that. And finally If men dont stand up for themselves and letting a woman walk all over you and disrespect you, you can be accused of being a pitch. The social norm is that rappers tend to dislike any feminine behaviors (positive r negative) In men. In this second song it talks about masculinity. If you act Like a pitch (enigma) enigma you get smacked like a pitch What the rappers are saying is that females are perceived as weak.Men dont want to be perceived as female because it (Masculinity= strength, not weakness) Weakness irritates men, particularly if its seen in other men. Because pitch behavior is perceived as female, and men arena supposed to act like females. Feminism has made it that a variety of masculine characteristics are now perceived more favorably. We see a man crying, we assume hes gay or seriously messed up. Because of the standards of hegemonic masculinity men have little sympathy. In the second song, Must we break you down to estrogen most hated specimens a pitch enigma! This song equates heterosexual stereotyping masculinity. Males typically want to show their peers that they are better than them, as this shows that they are more dominant. The artist contrasts their own masculinity with men they view as non-masculine who are inferior. The criticism is on how men talk, whining and complaining like some women do. Throughout the songs, the insults and boasts about physical size, strength, and heterosexuality. The constant efforts to compete and one up the other are characteristics traits of masculinity.More importantly, through observing these two songs, we can get a better understanding of what men in general believe. This is true because most males believe similar traits are masculine. Also, their messages of masculinity will be absorbed by their listeners, and in turn their listeners will develop the same beliefs about masculinity as are portrayed in the songs. Thus, by listening to these songs we gain insight as to how a large portion of our society views masculinity. Anti Nothing But A Word To Me (feat. Ice Cube) [Too Short]Now take my pitch She wont complain about sit Because, shes my hoe She dont belong to a trick So when you buck her, and give her all your cash I get paid, or put my foot in her ass I wont marry the pitch, and give her half I get more head, and then I laugh, at the one pitch sit I got a gang of hoes [Ice Cube] Now stupid little pitches get tossed If they dont realize Im the mouthwatering boss Come on down and get your ass pinched And if you talk sit, get your ass lynched Cause Im the B the I the T the C the H The K the I the L the L the A Ice Cube, a enigma thats Biggs than a nut Cause a pitch is a pitch is a hoe is a slutYou say how can I call a women a pitch? It anti nothing but a word like sit Anti no slipping in my mouthwatering pimping And all pitches anti women You come home and get smooth cussed out You goat a pitch with a foul ass mouth Scared to trip her with a left hook Woozy a pitch in my book Pitch My enigma Jinx made the mix So punk ass mouthwatering pitches get the 86 I keep hoes on five (yeah pitch) Cause Im bucking more puss than the law allow With my boy Too Short See, he quick to grab a pitch by the throat And slam her ass, cram her ass, with a fat dick Cause shes a trick pitch I like fat pitches, and I like me slimIll take a fat pitch, and stick my dick right in, her big fat ass Shell make me UCM again Im Mack daddy pitch, buck her friend I saw your homelier, she said whats up with us I said nothing, bucked her on a tour bus She got it good too, ticked down on the floor The pitch was fine, but the puss anti good as yours She a strag gler, struggler, straight slalom smuggler Overtime I see the pitch, shes looking uglier And if you got a trick ass on your left Last night she sucked my dick, now shes kissing little man Wont even suck my dick, unless cut out the middle man And if you have never heard of me Woozy a pitchIt anti but a word to me [Female voice:] Ill stop calling yea, Botchy [echo] Man Buck these hoes man, yea know (nappy ass pitch ass tramp ass sluts ass hoe) I go hard on a pitch, buck respect for yea men I get my way with a pitch, when I act like a pimp Always carrying bank, but I fooled the pitch Cause all she ever got was to drupe on my dick Ice Cube will slap a hoe for the buck of it Just like me and thats some real sit Pitch got bold with her loud ass mouth Tough ass pitch got knocked out You know a pitch anti nothing but a word to me Some of you punks are Just scared to see If you could call that pitch a pitch you wouldAnd if you cant, you probably should Im spitting game to you mark ass lames O n how how to get pitch and treat the pitch like sit You cant buy love, all pimps know that Its all about the way old Short Dog Macks Dont hold the pitch hand or walk side by side Go first class overtime you fly Shell go Greyhound, and Just meet you there Im Just an ice cold hard ass Oakland player You want to tongue kiss pitch, it figures I introduce you to my homeboy Richard Also known by his nickname Dick Now lets tongue kiss pitch I like big butts so let it be known to the public Im only out for one thing so hate meI anti the one so dont try to fade me I dont wear too much gold because its tacky I bust a Raider hat T-shirt and Khakis See a lot of hoes in freaky clothes everyday So I talk to me in any 01 can I way See a pitch need a enigma to coach me So I grab my dick and smoothly approach me I say hi and Im really kind of pitched If they ignore me then I say You freak pitch Give up the number hardly, well have a slumber party You see Ill buck you to death and then Ill dump the b ody Cause Im a enigma thats Biggs than crew or a gang And when it comes to pitches Im out for only one than You pitch anti nothing but a word to me, Short Pitch Ass Inning (feat. Snoop Dog, Whitman Six-Two) [Drew] Some good-ass weed! Snoop Dog] Check it out Dog; this game is a monotheistic trip man Word on the streets Everybody always trying to run up on me hollering about word on the street is disc enigma said disc.. Man I dont give a BUCK about what that enigma said man! Thats whats wrong with you inning, you inning is Just like pitches Hoe-ass inning, talk too monotheistic much (speak) Study your own, get your own Hyannis? Be independent enigma BOTCH! [Drew] Yeah [Snoop] Pitch inning (pitch inning).. Pitch inning (pitch inning).. Ditch-ass inning (botch).. Both] PITCH INNING (pitch noting). . [Snoop] Yeah Im talking about you (botch).. [Drew] Pitch inning [Snoop] and you too (botch).. Hem.. Dog..I meet MO pitch inning than hoes look here And I really dont know, but thats Just how it go (damn) Dog so many inning like to keep up sit they blast me in the back (aka-aka-aka-aka-aka) Inning stay strapped from way back, cause payback.. al make inning want pop that sit If you anti ready for the game (uh-uh) enigma stop that sit We rock that sit, my enigma Drew, drop that sit (right) No MO talking, Im walking and Im popping the clip Clock on the hip, set-tripping dipping an sit If you act like a pitch (enigma) enigma you get smacked like a pitch [Snoop] Pitch inning, pitch inning (pitch inning) [Dry. Drew] These inning dont know what the buck is going on You Dog, check it kick back Let me holly at these inning for a minute.. Straight off the streets of chaos and no pity The aggravated, making these punk mufflers hate it COMPTON is the city Im from Cant never leave the crib without a murder wee-upon Huh, I cant live my life on broke no MO And most of these fools anti sit but cutthroats They smile in a enigma face and for what? They got the game bucked up, and want my than bucked up I done learned a lot, seen a whole lot The top notch enigma, Im fiend for that spot Now peep game on what Six-Deuce told me [SIX-TWO] These inning after you paper, Dry. D. R. E. (what? ) And these punk-ass hoes is looking for dough You goat watch your homeboys, cause a enigma never know Oh, theyll be around, but when you paper get low Just like Master P said, There Dye Go, There Day Go Pitch inning uh-huh [Dry.Drew cuts and scratches] attention all personnel stop schemas, and looking hard [Audio Two] stop schemas, and.. An, and. . An-an, and.. And looking hard Pitch enigma, a pitch enigma Pitch enigma, HELL pitch enigma House a pitch enigma, motherhoods pitch enigma A pitch enigma.. A pitch enigma [Whitman] my dick be stuck up in you windpipe! Hem, youd rather blow me than fight, Im from the OLD SCHOOL like Romeo Rome homey you, you owe me the right to slap you, like the pitch that you are, that wanted to cap you every since you was mad dogging me with that pitch in you car Fool [singing] Who do you think you are? Mr.. Big Stuff Man, you sit on Hit, get you sit bust; plus pistol-whipped, cover it up use you bitchs blush Mr.. Song Lyrics free essay sample In the first song by Too Short the first verse, â€Å"She wont complain about shit because, shes my hoe† which he refers to women will not complain. Women will do whatever Too Short tells her. Women belong to him because he owns them. The song makes people think that all women are sluts that sleep around. The rappers have perceived biological differences because women are viewed to be sexual disposable objects. Rappers believe and norms require women to cook, clean, and serve men no matter what mistakes men makes or abuse that women are going through. Rap music has depicted women as sex objects. The music industries are advertising women as sex appeal symbols. Women are put on display like pieces of commodities or merchandise. The only variance is that the sexually-oriented depictions of women in advertising and media have contemptibly become more open now than before. It is a notorious fact that sex sells. We will write a custom essay sample on Song Lyrics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The more nudity or sexual reference depicted, the greater the sales generated in an exploitative and profit-driven music industry. The second verse duet by Ice Cube, â€Å"See, he quick to grab a bitch by the throat and slam her ass, cram her ass, with a fat dick Cause shes a trick bitch. A trick bitch is a female in general. These are the types of behavior men desire. Women, who are sleeping around that men considered trash is normal to her. However, men are showing off their masculinity and manhood to keep their status among their friends by putting women down. Rap music is reaching more people than any other genre therefore the messages and images imbedded within rap music are reaching more people than ever before. With such a large audience women think this type of behavior is normal to them. The domestic violence industry ignores women that are beaten by their partners. The media gets points and praise from people of mainstream hip-hop norms. Often, the appeal of commentary on hip-hop comes from rapper showing off their masculinity. Rap music stereotypes young women dressed like prostitutes in the rap videos showing off their ass, breasts, to impress, which appeals the man. In contrast, men who beat and physically abuse women, you are called a bitch. If men are brave enough to express themselves in a rational and masculine way, you are called a bitch for that. And finally if men dont stand up for themselves and letting a woman walk all over you and disrespect you, you can be accused of being a bitch. The social norm is that rappers tend to dislike any feminine behaviors (positive or negative) in men. In this second song it talks about masculinity. â€Å"If you act like a bitch (nigga) nigga you get smacked like a bitch† What the rappers are saying is that females are perceived as weak. Men dont want to be perceived as female because it threatens their masculinity. (Masculinity= strength, not weakness) Weakness irritates men, particularly if its seen in other men. Because â€Å"bitch† behavior is perceived as female, and men arent supposed to act like females. Feminism has made it that a variety of masculine characteristics are now perceived more favorably. We see a man crying, we assume hes gay or seriously messed up. Because of the standards of hegemonic masculinity men have little sympathy. In the second song, â€Å"Must we break you down to estrogen most hated specimens a bitch nigga! † This song equates heterosexual stereotyping masculinity. † Males typically want to show their peers that they are better than them, as this shows that they are more dominant. The artist contrasts their own masculinity with men they view as non-masculine who are inferior. The criticism is on how men talk, whining and complaining like some women do. Throughout the songs, the insults and boasts about physical size, strength, and heterosexuality. The constant efforts to compete and one up the other are characteristics traits of masculinity. More importantly, through observing these two songs, we can get a better understanding of what men in general believe. This is true because most males believe similar traits are masculine. Also, their messages of masculinity will be absorbed by their listeners, and in turn their listeners will develop the same beliefs about masculinity as are portrayed in the songs. Thus, by listening to these songs we gain insight as to how a large portion of our society views masculinity. Aint Nothin But A Word To Me (feat. Ice Cube) [Too $hort] Now take my bitch She wont complain about shit Becuase, shes my hoe She dont belong to a trick So when you fuck her, and give her all your cash I get paid, or put my foot in her ass I wont marry the bitch, and give her half I get more head, and then I laugh, at the one bitch shit I got a gang of hoes I get, freak, ass, lick, these balls and toes [Ice Cube] Now stupid little bitches get tossed If they dont realize Im the motherfucking boss Come on down and get your ass pinched And if you talk shit, get your ass lynched Cause Im the B the I the T the C the H The K the I the L the L the A Ice Cube, a nigga thats bigga than a nut Cause a bitch is a bitch is a hoe is a slut [Too $hort] You say how can I call a women a bitch? It aint nothing but a word like shit Aint no slippin in my motherfucking pimping And all bitches aint women You come home and get smooth cussed out You gotta a bitch with a foul ass mouth Scared to tripp her with a left hook Youz a bitch in my book Bitch [Ice Cube] My nigga Jinx made the mix So punk ass motherfucking bitches get the 86 I keep hoes on five (yeah bitch) Cause Im fucking more pussy than the law allow With my boy Too $hort See, he quick to grab a bitch by the throat And slam her ass, cram her ass, with a fat dick Cause shes a trick bitch [Too $hort] I like fat bitches, and I like em slim Ill take a fat bitch, and stick my dick right in, her big fat ass Shell make me cum again Im mack daddy bitch, fuck her friend I saw your homegirl, she said whats up with us I said nothing, fucked her on a tour bus She got it good too, dicked down on the floor The bitch was fine, but the pussy aint good as yours [Ice Cube] She a straggler, struggler, straight salome smuggler Everytime I see the bitch, shes looking uglier And if you got a trick ass on your left Sitting there with dick on her breath Last night she sucked my dick, now shes kissing little man Wont even suck my dick, unless cut out the middle man And if you have never heard of me Youz a bitch It aint but a word to me [Female voice:] Ill stop calling ya, Beyotch [echo] [Too $hort] Man Fuck these hoes man, ya know (nappy ass bitch ass tramp ass sluty ass hoe) [Female voice:] Ill stop calling ya, Beyotch [echo] [Too $hort] I go hard on a bitch, fuck respect for ya men I get my way with a bitch, when I act like a pimp Always carrying bank, but I fooled the bitch Cause all she ever got was to druel on my dick Ice Cube will slap a hoe for the fuck of it Just like me and thats some real shit Bitch got bold with her loud ass mouth Tough ass bitch got knocked out You know a bitch aint nuthin but a word to me Some of you punks are just scared to see If you could call that bitch a bitch you would And if you cant, you probably should Im spitting game to you mark ass lames On how how to get a bitch and treat the bitch like shit You cant buy love, all pimps know that Its all about the way old Short Dogg macks Dont hold the bitch hand or walk side by side Go first class everytime you fly Shell go Greyhound, and just meet you there Im just an ice cold hard ass Oakland player You want to tongue kiss bitch, it figures I introduce you to my homeboy Richard Also known by his nickname Dick Now lets tongue kiss bitch [Ice Cube] I like big butts so let it be known to the public I bust a rap or two and the bitches love it Im only out for one thing so hate me I aint the one so dont try to fade me I dont wear too much gold because its tacky I bust a Raider hat T-Shirt and Khakis See a lot of hoes in freaky clothes everyday So I talk to em in any ol can I way See a bitch need a nigga to coach em So I grab my dick and smoothly approach em I say hi and Im really kind of pitched If they ignore me then I say Yo freak bitch Give up the number hardly, well have a slumber party You see Ill fuck you to death and then Ill dump the body Cause Im a nigga thats bigga than crew or a gang And when it comes to bitches Im out for only one thang Yo bitch aint nothing but a word to me, $hort Bitch Ass Niggaz (feat. Snoop Dogg, Hitman Six-Two) [Dre] Some good-ass weed! [Snoop Dogg] Check it out Dogg; this game is a motherfuckin trip man Word on the streets Everybody always tryin to run up on me hollerin about word on the street is dis nigga said dis.. Man I dont give a FUCK about what that nigga said man! Thats whats wrong with you niggaz, you niggaz is just like bitches Hoe-ass niggaz, talk too motherfuckin much (speak) Study your own, get your own yahmsayin? Be independent nigga BEOTCH! [Dre] Yeah Snoop] Bitch niggaz (bitch niggaz).. Bitch niggaz (bitch niggaz).. Bitch-ass niggaz (beotch).. [both] BITCH NIGGAZ (bitch niggaz).. [Snoop] Yeah Im talkin about you (beotch).. [Dre] Bitch niggaz [Snoop] and you too (beotch).. [Snoop Dogg] Hmm.. Dogg.. I meet mo bitch niggaz than hoes look here And I really dont know, but thats just how it go (damn) Dogg so many niggaz like to keep up shit And just like a bitch (beotch) niggaz be talkin shit (nigga) Smilin in my face and then they blast me in the back (ka-ka-ka-ka-ka) Niggaz stay strapped from way back, cause payback.. ll make niggaz wanna pop that shit If you aint ready for the game (uh-uh) nigga stop that shit We rock that shit, my nigga Dre, drop that shit (right) No mo talkin, Im walkin and Im poppin the clip Glock on the hip, set-trippin dippin an shit If you act like a bitch (nigga) nigga you get smacked like a bitch [Snoop] Bitch niggaz, bitch niggaz (bitch niggaz) [Dr. Dre] These niggaz dont know what the fuck is goin on Yo Dogg, check it kick back Let me holla at these niggaz for a minute.. Straight off the streets of chaos and no pity The aggravated, makin these punk muhfuckers hate it COMPTON is the city Im from Caint never leave the crib without a murder wea-pon Huh, I caint live my life on broke no mo And most of these fools aint shit but cutthroats They smile in a nigga face and for what? They got the game fucked up, and want my thang fucked up I done learned a lot, seen a whole lot The top notch nigga, Im fiendin for that spot Now peep game on what Six-Deuce told me [Six-Two] These niggaz after yo paper, Dr. D. R. E. (what? ) And these punk-ass hoes is lookin for dough You gotta watch your homeboys, cause a nigga never know Oh, theyll be around, but when yo paper get low Just like Master P said, There Dey Go, There Day Go Bitch niggaz uh-huh [Dr. Dre cuts and scratches] attention all personnel stop scheamin, and lookin hard [Audio Two] stop scheamin, and.. an, and.. an-an, and.. and lookin hard [Dr. Dre] Bitch nigga, a bitch nigga Bitch nigga, HELLA bitch nigga Youse a bitch nigga, motherfucker bitch nigga A bitch nigga.. a bitch nigga [Hitman] I know yo type, so much bitch in you, if it was slightly darker lights was little dimmer my dick be stuck up in yo windpipe! Hmm, youd rather blow me than fight, Im from the OLD SCHOOL like Romey Rome homey yo, you owe me the right to slap you, like the bitch that you are, that wanted to cap you every since you was mad doggin me with that bitch in yo car Fool [singing] Who do you think you are? Mr. Big Stuff Man, you shit on Hit, get yo shit bust; plus pistol-whipped, cover it up use yo bitchs blush Mr. Powder Puff yo, bark aint loud enough, huh I know chihuahuas thats mo rah-rah, HA HA I have to laugh Dre, I bet he take bubble baths You dont want no trouble with the Aftermath staff, trust me Doggy Dogg, Diggy Doctor plus me No youse a busta slash hussy, soft as a Hush Puppy Must we break you down to estrogen most hated specimens a bitch nigga! [Dr. Dre cuts and scratches] attention all personnel stop scheamin, and lookin hard [Audio Two] stop.. stop.. stop scheamin, and lookin hard .. op-stop.. ah-op-op-stop-sch-sch-scheamin, and lookin hard stop scheamin.. an-an.. an-an.. an-and lookin hard stop scheamin, and lookin hard stop skee-scheamin, and lookin hard stop scheamin, and.. and.. and.. stop scheamin, and lookin hard

The President Essays - Heads Of State, Titles, Free Essays

The President Essays - Heads Of State, Titles, Free Essays The President Article II of the US Constitution grants the president numerous powers and responsibilities, but the the authority granted to the modern presidency far exceeds the constitutional definition of office. And through the years, a variety of presidential roles have evolved that were not originally or specifically outlined in the Article. Some of these roles were legislated by congress, the courts granted some, and powerful presidents assumed others. The president?s first role is as chief executive, the head of the executive branch and most of its workers. He is responsible for the ethics, loyalty, efficiency, and responsiveness of the federal government and its employees. The evolution of the chief executive?s primary role provides a useful example of how the presidential power has developed through the years. At the outset, the Constitution granted the chief executive the power to appoint all officials in the executive branch, but after George Washington?s term. Custom gave the chief executive power to remove appointees. Finally, legislation granted him the power to reorganize agencies and to prepare the budgets. In the role of chief of state, the president acts as a ceremonial head of the federal government. This is an extremely important role, for in this capacity, the president must greet distinguished visitors, bestow medals, and host state dinners. The impression he gives others while performing these duties can help him gain support, lift his reputation, and help towards reelection. President William Howard Taft once said the president must act as ?the personal embodiment and representative of the dignity and majesty? of the people, the government, and the laws of the United States. The president also serves as commander in chief of the nation?s armed forces, which makes him ultimately responsible for the nation?s defense. He appoints and removes generals, makes key military decisions (such as when and where to wage war), and negotiates armistice terms. During wartime emergencies, the president is also entitled to restrict civil liberties, to exert greater control over the economy, to seize industries, to fix wages and prices, and to settle labor disputes. Finally the commander in chief alone decides when and if the nation will use its atomic weapons. This role is extremely important because in acting out his decisions, the president is deciding the future of the nation, and we the people are putting extreme powers in the hands of one man. Though he is influenced by his associates and generals about the proper actions in times of political crisis, the last decision is up to the president. People who are not supporters of the president or his decisions te! nd to panic in times of war, and thus it is extremely important that the president makes the impression to the nation as a competent and capable man who one can have faith in. Another extremely important role that the president takes on is that of the nation?s chief diplomat. Although the Constitution attempted to divide diplomatic affairs between the president and congress, these affairs have become primarily a presidential responsibility. He negotiates treaties and executive agreements, manages foreign alliances, recognizes new governments, appoints and supervises diplomatic personnel, and receives foreign ambassadors. The Constitution accords the president the power to veto congressional bills and recommend legislation to congress. This means that if the president disapproves of a bill (this usually happens when a bill contradicts the president?s political group or personal beliefs), he can respond with a ?message veto? and return the bill to Congress with a message stating the reasons he has for not signing it. This helps Congress ?edit? the bill in such a way that the president will pass it, though many times it looks completely different than the original bill that they began with. If Congress is about to adjourn, the president can also respond with a ?pocket veto? and refuse to sign the bill within ten days. If Congress adjourns within that time, the bill will not become law. In modern times, the president also has a responsibility to the legislature: he must annually address Congress on the state of the Union. The roles of chief executive, chief of state, commander in chief, chief diplomat, and a key legislator originated in the Constitution. But over

An investigation of mediating effects on the core-self evaluation and Assignment

An investigation of mediating effects on the core-self evaluation and organizational commitment relationship - Assignment Example The decisions involving career planning needs to be done meticulously with emphasis given on individual strengths, weaknesses, skills, interest areas, motivational aspects and psychological assessment of the required job. The portfolio will deal with all the individual aspects and evaluation plans which can justify my key strengths and capabilities in finding the right job as per my professional capabilities. CV The making of Curriculum Vitae is the first step of the Personal Development Plan which highlights the key areas of interest, skills and expertise of a person. The best way of constructing a CV is to make it short, precise and emphasize on the points which matters the most to the companies like key areas of expertise, work experience in dealing with specified domains. CURRICULUM VITAE Steven Paul Birmingham, UK Cell phone: (+44) 7831310254 E-mail: spaul@yahoo.com OBJECTIVE Knowledge Acquisition and a learning drive are the motivating factors of my professional life which has helped me develop my professional goals and ambition. I am looking forward to a full time opportunity to work in a dynamic business environment. PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES Excellent interpersonal and communication skills Ardent believer in team work. Strong Management capabilities and experience to lead big teams. Project initiation and development. Self-motivated, hardworking and reliable Hunger to learn and acquire new skills, methods and procedures Computer skills: MS Office, MS Projects, Tally WORK EXPERIENCE 2007 till Date KPMG Project Leader Led a team of 10 people doing audit for client Held regular meetings with team for work assessment Gave Power Point presentations to the management for projects being carried out on a regular basis. ACHIEVMENTS/CERTIFICATES 2010 Diploma certification in Hedge Funds 2006 Certification in Science from Heritage Institute of Technology 2005 School Topper EDUCATION 2008-2010 Masters of Business and Administration from Durham University with specializa tion in Finance. 2005-2008 Bachelors in Science from University of Wales LANGUAGES Able to speak fluent English and French HOBBIES Reading; Playing sports REFERENCES: Available upon request Covering Letter To, The Human Resource Head Home Retail Group London, United Kingdom Sub: Application for the position of Financial Analyst Sir, This is to inform you that I wish to offer my candidature for the post of financial analyst. I am an MBA from Durham University with major in Finance. My key area of specialization is that of a management consultant. I have good domain knowledge of operations and logistics which I combine with my financial expertise to tell the management what would be the correct step forward. I have done years of research in Durham University which has helped my cause with enough industry experience. I would like to be given an opportunity to give a presentation to you where I can show my strengths and answer business related queries of yours. Thanking You, Yours truly , Steven Paul Job Market The world market was under recession in 2008 when the economy was in shatters with the top banking firms collapsing due to financial crisis which was more of a policy failure with huge financial credits given being unrecoverable. This had put the economy under severe recession and my firm was also retrenching candidates. From that stage the economy has recovered and so has the job market. The current job market in the accounting sector in 2012 has again seen a boost compared to the dip

Carbon fiber & glass fiber research (formula student car body) Coursework

Carbon fiber & glass fiber research (formula student car body) - Coursework Example Though the ribbons are primarily parallel on the surfaces of a carbon fiber, the inner layers of the fiber fold during a "hairpin† fashion. This is quite distinct to graphite in which the carbon sheets remain parallel. The great strength of carbon fiber is attributed to the interlocking and folding of ribbons (Mahrez, Mohamed & Katman, 2005). This means that the carbon atom sheets cannot slide past one another as in graphite. Carbon fibers are produced through controlled pyrolysis of organic precursors. Through the heat treatment of the precursor oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen are removed and carbon fibers remain. Mechanical properties of carbon fibers are enhanced by increasing the orientation and crystallinity, and through reducing defects within the fiber (Moran, 2004). The most effective way to achieve this is to start out with a highly oriented precursor and then maintaining the high orientation in the stabilization and carbonization through tension. The two main applications of carbon fibers are in specialized technologies, that include nuclear engineering and aerospace and normal engineering which embrace engineering elements like bearings, gears, fan blades, cams and automobiles (Oribi Manufacturing, 2011). There are new applications of carbon fibers like rehabilitation of a bridge in building and construction, decoration in aviation interiors, musical instruments and automotive and also after-market transportation merchandise (Oribi Manufacturing, 2011). The conductivity of carbon provides extra new application in electronic industry. The table below illustrates a number of characteristics and applications of carbon fibers. Glass fiber is a flexible glass material. The basic building block of glass fiber is a mixture of silica sand and other ingredients like borates. Glass fiber in fabric gives the best combination of properties like high strength and fire resistance. Its

Babybot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Babybot - Essay Example Accurate hand movements are vital for packaging and assembly positions (Thomas et al. 2014). To determine the relationship between employees’ scores on the manual dexterity test and their performance ratings, we take employees’ scores on manual dexterity test as x and performance rating as y. then we will determine slope M using the equation This implies that for every one unit of employee’s performance rate, there is 1.25 units of employees score on manual dexterity test. This means that increase in employees score on manual dexterity test by one unit implies that the performance rate increases by 1.25 units. If we assume that candidates with scores above 43 on the manual dexterity test were hired, this means that these candidates have a predicted performance 85. Looking at the sex issue, we see that the number of males hired is seven (7) and the number of females hired is 13, all of them above the cutoff of 43. Similarly, on race six (6) Hispanics, eight (8) whites and six (6) blacks were hired. Calculating in terms of percentages indicates that 81.25% females and 50% males were employed. The percentage of Spanish employed is 66.67%, blacks and whites hired were 66.67% and 81.25% respectively. Thus, the use of this test has adverse effects on sex in that the number of females hired was higher than the numbers of males hired. The use of this test discriminated males and favored females. Out of the total number of Hispanic candidates six of them were hired translating to 66.67%. 6/10 blacks were hire which is equivalent to 60%. 8/11 whites hired which is 72.73%. Therefore, the use of this test led to the employment of more whites than Hispanics and blacks. In view of the validity of the results, I would recommend the use of this kind of test because it is quick, easy to use and economical to administer measure of manual dexterity. Sub tests require no scoring keys and are quick to

Social Work Theories Analysis

Social Work Theories Analysis Introduction Social work brings about social change. It addresses complex relationships between humans and the environment. Social work involves analyzing human problems and addresses issues to resolve injustice, discrimination, and dysfunction. Thus, according to International Federation of Social Workers (2000 qt. Ramsay 2003), the social work profession can be defined as a profession that â€Å"promotes social change, problem solving in human relationships, and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. Using theories of human behavior and social systems, social work intervenes at the points where people interact with their environments. Principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to social work.† Social work profession is based on the fundamental interrelation of a system of values, theory and practice. Although over the years, the definition of social work has undergone tremendous transformation. Nevertheless, the essence of its humanitarian and democratic ideals of social work through the centuries has remained the same. Today, social work has a global context and professionals follow national and international code of ethics that make the scope of their work more complex and challenging. Moreover, social work professionals also draw their experiences from accepted methods developed through systematic evidence-based knowledge from extensive research designed for both specific and general practices (Ramsay 2003). Theoretical frameworks form the basis of their evaluation of human behaviors, development and social systems and enable them to resolve the problems inherent therein. Social Work Theories Social work theories have their roots from the need to develop a disciplined approach to social work. By adopting common principles, social professionals were able to focus on the social goals. Charles Loch developed this conceptual framework during the early 20th century. Later social work scholars took up his seminal work. During the 21st century, renowned Harriet Bartlett (Bartlett 1970) had taken up and continued to develop professional frameworks for social work to â€Å"articulate words, terms, concepts to represent the important facets and components of the professions practices as a whole.† As more and more formalized ideas, theories and disciplines formed, social work has come to be acknowledged as an independent discipline with subset knowledge and systems for dealing with problems of the society. Bartlett (1970) also further reiterated the three key concepts person, interaction and environment as the basis for social work practices. Any theory developed with the v iew to examine, evaluate and resolve social issues must be based on these three key concepts. Given the above background on the development of social work theories, the researcher now shall discuss theories of particular interests, which are the theories of problem solving and psychoanalytic. In the following discussion, the researcher shall trace the theories in its historical context, values, concepts and fitness with the strengths approach. The strengths approach basically involves challenging the traditional problems-oriented way of working through training, expectations and work experience of professionals. The problems are then resolved through developing a collaborative framework based on examination of the professionals strengths and resources for positive growth and development (Morgan 2006; Wormer and Boes 1998). Problem-Solving Theory Social Work Treatment According to Duncker (1945): â€Å"A problem arises when a living creature has a goal but does not know how this goal is to be reached. Whenever one cannot go from the given situation to the desired situation simply by action, then there is recourse to thinking Such thinking has the task of devising some action which may mediate between the existing and the desired situations.† According to this definition, a problem arises when it is not clear to the individual what action(s) are to be taken to achieve some desired goals. The action to rectify this problem is known as problem-solving. Problem solving starts from a given situation where the problem or state of the situation requires additional knowledge to work towards its solution (Anderson 1980). Problem-solving theory has its developmental origin to Herbert Simon, Alan Newell and colleagues at Carnegie Mellon University during the 1980s (Patel 1991; Newell and Simon 1972). The general theoretical approach is that problem-solving theory is based on a given problem-solving situation. The second premise is that knowledge is a set of rules that specify actions to be performed in specific situations. The third premise is the distinction between weak and strong methods for resolving problems. Thus, an expert is expected to utilize the set of rules to find the solution for the given problem situation by using forward reasoning or observations. Alternatively, problem solving can involve using exhaustive knowledge base for deductive reasoning and assessing the validity of the hypothesis or goals against the facts given. This is a backward reasoning approach (Patel 1991). Newell-Simon theory of problem solving describes processes for developing expert systems in cognitive psychology, which forms the basis for other experiments in specific fields. Social work field In social work field, problem solving has its origin in the concept of social change developed by Helen Harris Perlman of the University Chicago (1957). In her work ‘Social Casework: A problem-solving process, the author views casework and problem solving synonymous which are based on constant elements, forces and processes. The constants form the reasoning framework for analyzing problems just as humans solve their daily problems. Learning is developed when individuals are involved in organizing, synthesizing and imagining the solutions of the problems (Perlman 1957). Perlmans theoretical framework is limited to the casework components such as the individual, problem, place, process, expert relationship and the resolution to the problem. The emphasis is more on the components rather than on the problem solutions itself and the scope of the solution is limited by the casework situation. Alternatively, Compton and Galaway (1979) also developed a problem-solving model for social work practice, which emphasizes on intervention and beyond processes. According to their theoretical framework, problem solving is connected with human relationships in a dynamic manner, which may involve partners, family members, friends or co-workers or group relationships such as race, ethnicity, gender or religion. Social works can resolve problems depending on the micro, mezzo or macro level practice they are involved in. Compton and Galaways (1979) problem-solving theory is based on two phases first the definition of the problem must be established for identification of intervention methods. The second phase involves intervention methods based on the problem context defined by human, societal and physical environment. Thus, Compton and Galaways (1979) problem-solving theory is based on human relationships with the environment and other individuals. The focus is on intervention rather th an on the problem itself. These investigations and conceptualization leads to the unified theory of problem-solving, which holds that experts process new information and integrate it into their existing knowledge base which helps them to recall and deal with situations rapidly through forward reasoning within limited time span and scope. There is little account for differences in complexities in domains and situations. For this reason, the problem-solving theory is only valid for responding to domains that are apparent through explicit patterns of results. From the social work practice, context problem-solving theory presents social worker as the expert and the source for intervention, and the individual with the problem as the client of the environment. The worker encounters problem situations within the work environment. To resolve, he/she refers to activities that co-workers or peers have undertaken on behalf of clients. Working with the client, the social worker analyzes, and identifies problem commonality to resolve it through group relations. Hence, problem solving in the social work practice means participation and direct involvement of the client with the worker (Sheppard 1991). Intervention method Another underlying element of the problem-solving theory is the intervention method. Unlike early perception of social workers, the value of work is not gauged by the duration of its intervention. Instead, it is gauged by the significance of the knowledge base used to analyze the problems to develop solutions. Therefore, intervention is further defined by the relationships of interaction among individuals involved in the problem. The social worker is the support element who is responsible for mediating between the environment and the person (Sheppard 1991). As an intervention method, problem-solving method is dynamic in the sense that it mediates problems by resolving on a case-by-case basis. Each individual problem in this theory is unique and is defined by the individual, relationship and context of the environment which makes it versatile in addressing numerous problem solutions. Furthermore, the option of forward and backward reasoning helps social workers to analyze and determine problem solutions from different perspectives depending on the nature of the problem. In the social work context, this is a valuable tool as it allows individuals to work on a case from the grassroots level, without having to eliminate vital facts and situations to achieve desired social goals. Furthermore, the researcher is of the view that problem-solving theory, though limited by the expertise and knowledge base developed by peers and colleagues, is flexible in allowing new avenues to be included in the problem-solving process. As workers work their way through resolving the problem, they discover new facts, and perhaps new solutions, which might be different from the initial premise that they have set for its solution. From a strengths perspective this implies that problem-solving methods add new resources; they enrich the experiences of the social workers by allowing them to explore new perspectives; and add value in developing new approaches for solving similar albeit unique problems. Psychoanalytic Theory The study of the unconscious was relatively schematic and meager before the advent of Sigmund Freud. For this reason, it could be said that Freud was the pioneer in psychoanalytic theory. Freud held that the human mind takes into account of transactions within the limits of the body. Unlike traditional belief that the human mind is shaped by culture, Freud believed that the depth and endurance of human personality is dependent on the social context in which an individual is born. A psychosomatic process is the traditional method by which physicians analyze symptoms of mental disorders within the pathological discourse. However, Freud holds that psychosomatic processes are limited, as he believes that individuals are influenced by elements that are outside the body that is the environment. To exemplify that, he writes of the influences of human association and its impact on the unconsciousness. It is only through observational procedures that the expert would extricate subtle and mul tiple ties of the personality with the other individuals and environmental elements. Observations of body language, as well as human acts in relation to sequences of interaction form the study of individuals within the context of the society (Ruitenbeek 1962). Freuds conceptual framework was based on the observation of the human consciousness and unconsciousness, and its relation with the basic nature of man. It lacked the social work context. His theory implies that man is exceedingly indulgent or deprived by his/her surroundings which give rise to a certain psychiatric state of mind. The Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique Menninger (1958), in his work ‘The Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique counteracts the practice of external influence by suggesting that individual behavior is a reflection of behaviors that occur during and after the events they are involved in. Menninger and Holzman (1973) differed from Freuds theory for psychoanalysis in the sense that they were of the view many individuals may demonstrate similar behavior without having any psychiatric problems. Therefore, psychoanalysis is not essentially about the physiological influence but rather associated with stimulus from interactions. The authors emphasize on new methods for observing and interpreting behavior in the context of culture and personality through structured research instruments. They believe that the psychoanalytic approach has particular associations with socialization sequences that lead to individual relationships with the environment, culture and personality. This implies that psychoanalysis approaches emphasize on the role of the professional engaged in the observation of individual behaviors and interpretation of the same. The skills used to deduce valuable information about the personality is derived from daily life processes. Likewise, an intervention is inherent in the behaviors and actions of the individual under study. Alternatively, works by Roy Schafer (1976) and Irwin Hoffman (1983) have entirely altered the conceptual framework of psychoanalysis theory and practice. They emphasize on the reality of social construct and its impact on both the individual and the professional. They present the view that solutions for problems in psychoanalytic are dependent on the cultural life at large. It is based on objective knowledge derived from social agreements and human actions are the narrative of the acts. Therefore, psychoanalysis is the study of the language of the human acts and interpretation of the same to represent possible accounts of the past or present life of the individual. Transactions between the analyst and the patient are constructed by subject experience, human agency, and fragments of individuation/separation etc. Thus, For Schafer, (1) psychoanalysis is concerned in a primary fashion with language and its equivalents; (2) subjective experience, objective reality, and selves are all con structions brought to life in language; (3) these present-day tellings could be told in other terms and do not represent real world events; (4) unitary selves are displaced by the notion that we tell useful stories about multiple selves in order to conduct our affairs; and (5) cure accompanies changes in discourse. qt. Leary 1994). Similarly, Hoffman believes that human beings, whether professional or individuals, requiring intervention live worlds within worlds to make social interaction highly ambiguous. Observation of individual behaviors cannot construct individual social environment alone. Individual experiences must be taken into account to understand the influences of elements surrounding them. Intervention follows the paradigm of change and analysis of the participants because he believes individuals are incapable of understanding their own dilemma. These later conceptual frameworks of the psychoanalytic theory not only pose challenges for social work practices but also offer new dimensions for analyzing complex individual social problems. The role of the social worker in the psychoanalytic context is separate from the individual and the environment, as he/she has to observe objectively to interpret individual behaviors in the psychiatric context as well as in the context of the environment in which the individual inhabit. Thus, the professional is segregated and does not really participate in the problems faced by the individuals. This tends to dissociate the analyst from the individual, which at times hinders problem resolution. However, objective observations in psychoanalysis enable the social work professional to emphasize on interventions methods. Since interventions are not set in paradigms or experiments or processes from knowledge base, the social worker has more leeway in developing creative interventions that meet des ired social goals at the individual and from the broader societal contexts. At the same time, there are certain limitations to the theory of psychoanalytic. There is too much emphasis of the individual and less focus of intervention for the broad social context. As individuals live in the society interact, transact and have relationships with other entities within the environment it is natural to assume that any problems or issues that they face should be resolved in the context of the community they live in. It is not natural to assume that the problem is inherent within the environment and the intervention method should be for the individual only. From this perspective, the psychoanalytic theory is limited. Therefore, the psychoanalytic approach does not really fit the strengths approach, which basically emphasizes on resource development. Although psychoanalysis emphasizes on problem resolutions, this is limited to the issues faced by individuals not from a communal or global context. There is little scope for adding value to interventions in the social work practice as it represents the realities of the individuals. Therefore, world events, social change and communal issues become secondary to the analyst who adopts this approach. Compare and Contrast At the beginning of the discussion, the researcher emphasizes on the importance of the key components in social work i.e. person, interaction and the environment. These key components, as one observes over the course of the evaluation of the theories of problem-solving and psychoanalytic, play integral roles in synergizing the conceptual framework for social work and professional practices. In this context, if any one component were missing from the theoretical framework, it would destabilize its validity and usefulness to the profession. Theoretical fit with the social work professional focus From the discussion, the researcher observes that the problem-solving theory, as compared to the psychoanalytic theory, has more dimensions to the mission of social work. The nature of forward and backward reasoning enables social work professionals to trace the problem from multiple layers of contexts such as culture, race, gender, ethnicity and religion, to extricate the inherent issues prevalent within the individual, a community or a society. In doing so, it encompasses broader social perspectives and addresses problems such as poverty, cultural diversity, discrimination, gender bias or social injustice. Thus, the problem-solving theory serves the purpose of problem identification and eventually leads to its intervention as well, even though the problem-solving theorists have not emphasized as such. Interventions, according to the theory, stem from set rules and the knowledge base that professionals can acquire through experience and expertise. On the other hand, the psychoanalytic approach adopts similar processes for problem identification within the individual and in the social context but does not really view the problem as a social problem. The components of person, interaction and environment are not synergistic but rather segregated from each other. This makes finding interventions difficult as the social work professional would have to differentiate the person, relationship and the environment, before individual resolutions can be devised. This is because the psychoanalytic approach mandates objective observations and following set processes, which does not allow social workers to view the problem from different dimensions which are inherent in the social work mission. Therefore, psychoanalytic theory mostly identifies problems within the society from micro perspectives, thereby, limiting the scope of intervention. Unlike the problem-solving theory, the psychoanalytic theory integrates social problems like poverty, cultural diversity, discrimination, gender biases and social injustice into the social environment and explains its influence on the individual. Sometimes, these factors may or may not be the culprit for individual problems but, in fact, the problem stems from within the unconscious. Thus, the abstract nature of the psychoanalytic theory makes it difficult to devise interventions realistically that are practical in the social work field. Progress on the part of the client and ethical concerns As a social work professional, one is responsible for the progress of the client. The problems or issues my client faces may be from the micro, mezzo and macro environment and therefore require different approaches towards interventions. Therefore, I would reserve the psychoanalytic approach for micro interventions so that I would be able to analyze the psychological as well as physiological dilemmas, and ultimately devise interventions that address the root problem. On the other hand, if the nature of the problem that my client is experiencing stems from the outset and requires a broad perspective in evaluation, then I would adopt the problem-solving approach to address the problem, first from the macro level then narrow it down to the micro level and resolve it accordingly. The approaches differ because, as a social work practitioner, I need to have flexible tools to evaluate the progress of my client. This can only be possible if I use a combination of theories and approaches to o ffer me flexibility as well as dynamism in my work. The only ethical concern I have regarding the application of these theories would perhaps be the scope and limitations each poses for social work practice. The problem-solving theory, as discussed earlier, emphasizes too much on the processes, which at times may result in compromised interventions. On the other hand, the psychoanalytic approach is too narrow and limited in its scope in addressing individual perspectives and tends to neglect the broader scenario. In resolving individual problems, perhaps I would neglect to incorporate the bigger picture and, thereby, inadvertently harm the society instead of benefiting it as a whole through my social work practice. Conclusion Despite the above reservations, the researcher is of the view that each of the theories has its own merit and application in intended practice. It is difficult to choose one over the other, as social work professionals realize no social issues or problem congruent with the other. Each problem is unique and requires unique resolutions. Since human beings are dynamic, their problems are dynamic too, requiring diversity in resolutions and intervention methods. Yet, from a broader perspective, the researcher would prefer the problem-solving approach over the psychoanalytic as it would more commonly be used in every day practice for the interventions of common problems. Such problems require a knowledge base to be developed from set rules and experiments, and require less time for interventions. On the other hand, for complex problems the researcher would prefer to use the psychoanalytic approach for individual objective observation and interventions. References Definition of Social Work Profession International Federation of Social Workers general meeting in Montrà ©al, Canada, July 2000, and endorsed by the International Association of Schools of Social Work in 2001 in Ramsay, R. F. (2003). Transforming the Working Definition of Social Work Into the 21st Century. Research on Social Work Practice, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 324-338 Bartlett, H. M. (1970). The Common Base of Social Work. New York: National Association of Social Workers. Compton B. Galaway, B. (1979). Social Casework A Problem-Solving Process. revised edn. Homewood, IL: The Dorsey Press. Fine, R. (1979). The History of Psychoanalysis. Columbia University Press. Leary, K. (1994). Psychoanalytic Problems And Postmodern Solutions. Psychoanalytic Quarterly. Volume: 63. Issue: 3. pp. 447. Menninger, K and Holzman, P. S. (1973). Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique. Basic Books. Menninger, K.S. (1958). The Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique. New York: Basic Books. Morgan, S. (Accessed 15-10-2006). A Strengths Approach Practicebasedevidence.com, Online accessed from: http://www.practicebasedevidence.com/strengths.htm Newell, A., Simon, H. A. (1972). Human Problem Solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:PrenticeHall. Patel, V. (1991). A view from medicine. In Toward a Unified Theory of Problem Solving: Views from the Content Domains. by Mike U. Smith (ed). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale, NJ. pp. 35. Perlman, H. (1957). Social Work Process Social Casework: A Problem-Solving Process. The University of Chicago Press. Ruitenbeek, H. M. (1962). Psychoanalysis and Social Science. Dutton, New York. pp. 16. Sheafor, B. W., Horejsi, C.R. Horejsi, G.A. (2005). Techniques Guidelines for Social Work Practice. Allyn Bacon. Sheppard, M. (1991). Mental Health Work in the Community: Theory and Practice in Social Work and Community Psychiatric Nursing. Falmer Press pp. 32. Wormer, K. and Boes, M. (1998). Social Work, Corrections, and the Strengths Approach. Paper presented at the Canadian Association of Social Workers National Social Work Conference, June 20 24, 1998 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada